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Medical Information Network Distribution Service Eickholz P, Dannerritz B, Kim TS. Antibiotics in periodontal therapy. Perio. 2005 Dahlen G. Microbiology and treatment of dental abscesses and periodontal endodontic lesions. Periodontol 2000. 2002 Umeda M, Tominaga Y, Yano K, Watanabe H, Ishikawa I. Microbial flora in the acute phase of periodontitis and the effect of local admini- stration of minocycline. J Periodontol. 1996 Greenstein G, Tonetti M. Position paper. The role of controlled drug delivery for periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2000 Hanes PJ, et al. Local anti infective therapy pharmacological agents. A systematic review. Ann Periodontol. 2003 Greenstein G. Review Local drug delivery in the treatment of periodontal disease Assessing the clinical significance of the results. J Periotdontol. 2006 Preus HF, Lassen J, Aass AM, Ciancio SG. Bacterial resistance following subgingival and systemic administration of minocycline. J Clin Periodontol. 1995 Wennstrom JI, et al. Utilization of locally delivered doxycycline in non surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis a comparative multi center trial of 2 treatment approaches. J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Meinberg TA, et al. Comparison of conventional periodontal maintenance versus scaling and root planning with subgingival minocycline. J Periodontol. 2002 Haffajee A, Socransky SS, Gunsolley JC. Systemic anti infective periodontal therapy a systematic review. Ann Periodontol. 2003 Herrera D, Sanz M, Jepsen S, Needleman I, Roldan S. A systematic review on the effect of systemic ant microbial as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontal patients. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Slots J. Position paper Systemic antibiotics in periodontics. J Periodontol. 2004 Haffajee AD, Torresyap G, Socransky SS. Clinical changes following four different periodontal therapies for the treatment of chronic perio- 1 year results. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Flemmig TF, Milian E, Karch H, Klaiber B. Differetial clinical treatment outcome after systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in patients harboring Actinobacillus actinomycetencomitans and or Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Clin Periodontol. 1998 Winkel EG, Van Winkelhoff AJ, Timmerman MF, Van der Velden U, Van der Weijden GA. Amoxicillin plus metronidazole in the treatment of adult periodontitis patients. A double blind placebo controlled study. J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Puvncker P, et al. Local versus systemic adjunctive antibiotic therapy in 28 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2001 Mombelli A, et al. Clinical response to local delivery of tetracycline in relation to overall and local periodontal conditions J Clin Periodontol. 1997 Monbelli A, et al. Local antibiotic therapy guided by microbiological diagnosis. Treatment of Porpyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus antinomycetemcomitans persisting after mechanical therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Kaner D, Bernimoulin JP, Hopfenmuller W, Kleber BM, Friedman A. Controlled delivery chlorhexidine chips versus amoxicillin ronidazole as adjunctive antimicrobial therapy for generalized aggressive periodontitis a randomized control clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Guerreo A, Gareth S, Nibali Gl, Suvan J, Moles DR, Laurell L, Tonetti MS. Adjunctive benefits of systemic amocicillin and metronidazole in non surgical treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. Xajigeorgiou C, sakellari D, Sini T, Baka A, Konstantinidis A. Clinical and microbiological effects of different antimicrobials on generaral- ized aggressive periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2006 Rooney J, Wade WG, Spraque SV, Newcombe RG, Addy M. Adjunctive effects to non surgical periodontal therapy of systemic metronida- zole and amoxicillin alone and combined a placebo controlled study. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Guentsch A, Jentsch H, Pfister W, Hoffmann T, Eick S. Moxifloxacin as an adjunctive antibiotics in the treatment of severe chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2008 Gomi K, Yashima A, Nagano T, Kanazashi M, Maeda N, Arai T. Effects of full mouth scaling and root planning in conjunction with systemi- cally administered azithromycine. J Periodontol. 2007 Ramberg P, et al. The long term effect of systemic tetracycline used as an adjunct to non surgical treatment of advanced periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Srino G, et al. The effect of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of patients with recurrent periodontitis. J Clin Peridontol. 2001 Tomasi C, et al. Locally deliverd doxycycline improves the healing following non surgical periodontal therapy in smokers. J Clinical Periodontol. 2004 Matarazzo F, Figueiredo LC, Cruz SEB, Fareri M, Feres M. Clinical and microbiological benefits of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of smokers with chronic periodontitis a randomized placebo controlle study. J Clin Periodontol. 2008 Janket SJ. Does periodontal treatment improve glycemic control in diabetic patients A meta analysis of intervention studies. J Dent Kiran M, et al. Effect of improved periodontal health on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol. 2005 N Sanches AB, et al. Effect of non surgical periodontal therapy on clinical and immunological response and glycaemic control in tupe 2 diabetic patients with moderate periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 OConnell PAA, et al. Effects of periodontal therapy on glycemic control and inflammatory markers. J Periodontol. 2008 Tonetti MS, et al. Treatment of periodontitis and endothelial function. N Engl J Med. 2007 Citterio F, DiPinto A, Borzi MT, et al. Azithromycine treatment of gingival hyperplasia in kidney transplant recipients is effective and safe. Transplant Proc. 2001 Dongari Bagtzoglou A. Informational paper. Drug associated gingival enlargement. J Periodontol. 2004 P. gingivalis T. denticola T. forsythia Umeda M, Tominaga Y, He T, Yano K, Watanabe H, Ishikawa I. Microbial flora in the acute phase of periodontitis and the effect of local administration of minocycline. J Periodontol. 1996 Löe H, et al. Experimental gingivitis in man. J Periodontal. 1965 Smulow J, et al. The effect of supragingival plaque removal on anaerobic bacteria in deep periodontal pockets. J Am Dent Assoc. 1983 Loos B, et al. Effect of oral hygiene measures on clinical and microbiological parameters of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1988 Dahlen G, et al. The effect of supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microbiota in subjects with periodontal desease. J Clin Periodontol. 1992 Liatgarten M, et al. Effect of tetracycline and or scaling on human periodontal disease clinical, microbiological, and histological observations. J Clin Periodontol. 1978 Lindhe J, et al. Effect of long term tetracycline therapy on human periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1983 Lindhe J, et al. Effect of metronidazole therapy on human periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontal Res. 1982 Van Winkelhoff AJ, et al. Microbioligical clinical results of metoronitazole plus amoxicillin therapy in Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomi- tans associated periodontitis. J Periodontol. 1992 Berglundh T, et al. The use of metoronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of advanced periodontal desease a prospective, controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 1998 Circulation Journal. 2003 Grossi SG, Skrepcinski FB, DeCaro T, Robertson DC, Ho AW, Dunford RG, Genco RJ. Treatment of periodontal disease in diabetics reduces glycated hemoglobin. J Periodontol. 1997 Rodrigues DC, Taba MJ, Novaes AB, Souza SL, Grisi MF. Effect of non surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Periodontol. 2003 Llambés F, Silvestre FJ, Hernández Mijares A, Guiha R, Caffesse R. Effect of non surgical periodontal treatment with or without doxycy- cline on the periodontium of type 1 diabetic patients. J Clin Periodontol. 2005 O'Connell PA, Taba M, Nomizo A, Foss Freitas MC, Suaid FA, Uyemura SA, Trevisan GL, Novaes AB, Souza SL, Palioto DB, Grisi MF. Effects of periodontal therapy on glycemic control and inflammatory markers. J Periodontol. 2008 Slots J, Jorgensen MG. Effective, safe, practical and affordable periodontal antimicrobial therapy where are we going, and are we there yet? Periodontol 2000. 2002 Mombelli A, Samaranayake LP. Topical and systemic antibiotics in the management of periodontal diseases. Int Dent J. 2004 Bidault P, Chandad F, Grenier D. Systemic antibiotic therapy in the treatment of periodontitis. J Can Dent Assoc. 2007 Zucchelli G, Sforza NM, Clauser C, Cesari C, De Sanctis M. Topical and systemic antimicrobial therapy in guided tissue regeneration. J Periodontol. 1999 Needleman I, Collins A, Moles D. Periodontal flap surgery with 25 metronidazole gel. . Clinical outcomes. J Clin Periodontol. 2000 Socransky S, Haffajee A, Goodson J, Lindhe J. New concepts of destructive periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1984 Haffajee A, Socransky S, Gunsolley J. Systemic anti infective periodontal therapy. A systematic review. Ann Periodontol. 2003 Herrera D, Roldan S, O'Connor A, Sanz M. The periodontal abscess . Short term clinical and microbiological efficacy of 2 systemic antibiotic regimes. J Clin Periodontol. 2000 McColl E, Patel K, Dahlen G, Tonneti M, Graziani F, Suvan J, Laurell L. Supportive periodontal therapy using mechanical instumentation a 12 month randomized controlled single masked pilot study. J Clin Periodontol. 2006 Eickholz P, Kim T, Schacher B, Reitmeir P, Burklin T, Ratka Kruger P. Subgingival topical doxycycline versus mechanical debridement for supportive periodontal therapy a single blind randomized controlled two center study. Am J Dent. 2005 Garrett S, Adams DF, Bogle G, Donly K, Drisko CH, Hallmon EB, Hancock EB, Hanes P, Hawley CE, Johnson L, Kiger R, Killoy W, Mello- nig JT, Raab FJ, Ryder M, Stoller N, Polson A, Wamg HL, Wolinsky LE, Yukna RA, Harrold CQ, Hill M, Johnson VB, Soouthard GL. The effect of locally delivered controlled release doxycycline or scaling and root planning on periodontal maintenance patients over 9 months. J Periodontol. 2000 Soskolne WA, Proskin HM, Stabholtz A. Probing depth changes following 2 years of periodntal maintenance therapy including adjunctive controlled release of chlorhexidine. J Periodontol. 2003 B. forsythus T. forsythia P. gingival- T. denticola National Library of Medicine http: terms and strategy Periodontal abscess OR acute phase periodont Local anti infective OR local antibiotic OR local delivery OR local administration English OR Japanese #1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4 terms and strategy McLeod DE, Lainson PA, Spivey JD. Tooth loss due to periodontal abscess a retrospective study. J Periodontol. Kryshtalskyj E. Management of the periodontal abscess. J Can Dent Assoc. 1987 Smith RG, Davies RM. Acyte lateral periodontal abscess. Br Dent J. 1986 Umeda M, Tominaga Y, He T, Yano K, Watanabe H, Ishikawa I. Microbial flora in the acute phase of periodontitis and the effect of local administration of minocycline. J Periodontol. 1996 Eguchi T, Koshy G, Umeda M, Iwanami T, Suga J, Nomura Y, Kawanami M, Ishikawa I. Microbial changes in patients with acute periodontal abscess after treatment detected by PadoTest. Oral Dis. 2008 Dahlén G. Microbiology and treatment of dental abscesses and periodontal endodontic lesions. Periodontol 2000. bleeding on probing gival crevicular fluid National Library of Medicine http: National Library of Medicine terms and strategy chronic periodont OR adult periodont OR periodont Local anti infective OR local antibiotic OR local delivery OR local administration human, English OR Japanese #1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4 terms and strategy van Steenberghe D, et al. A 15 month evaluation of the effects of repeated subgingival minocycline in chronic adult periodontitis. J Periodontol. 1999 Hanes PJ, Purvis JP. Local anti infective therapy pharmacological agents. A systematic review. Ann Periodontol. Kun Lu H, et al. Efficacy of subgingivally applied minocycline in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. J Periodont Greenstein G. Review. Local drug delivery in the treatment of periodontal diseases assessing the clinical significance of the results. J Periodontol. 2006 Preus H, Mjoen E, Romstad E, Gjermo P, Are H, Mjoen E, Romstad E, Gjermo P. Are topically delivered antibiotics beneficial as an adjunct to scaling and root planning in the treatment of periodontal diseases? a sysytematic review. GI gingival index P. gingivalis T. denticola B. forsythus attachement level National Library of Medicine http: terms and strategy chronic periodont OR adult periodont OR periodont Local anti infective OR local antibiotic OR local delivery OR local administration human, English OR Japanese #1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4 terms and strategy Position paper The Role of controlled drug delivery for periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2000 bleeding on probing National Library of Medicine terms and strategy chronic periodont OR adult periodont OR periodont Supportive OR maintenance Local anti infective OR local antibiotic OR local delivery OR local administration probing OR probing depth OR attachment OR bleeding clinical trial AND human, English OR Japanese #1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4 AND #5 Soskolne WA, Proskin HM, Stabholz A. Probing depth changes following 2 years of periodontal maintenance therapy including adjunctive controlled release of chlorhexidine. J Periodontol. 2003 Jansson H, Bratthall G, Söderholm G. Clinical outcome observed in subjects with recurrent periodontal disease follow- ing local treatment with 25 metronidazole gel. J Periodontol. 2003 Leiknes T, Leknes KN, Böe OE, Skavland RJ, Lie T. Topical use of a metronidazole gel in the treatment of sites with symptoms of recurring chronic inflammation. J Periodontol. 2007 Flemmig TF, Weinacht S, Rüdiger S, Rumetsch M, Jung A, Klaiber B. Adjunctive controlled topical application of tetra- cycline HCl in the treatment of localized persistent or recurrent periodontitis. Effects on clinical parameters and elasta- se alpha1 proteinase inhibitor in gingival crevicular fluid. J Clin Periodontol. 1996 Bogren A, Teles RP, Torresyap G, Haffajee AD, Socransky SS, Wennström JL. Locally delivered doxycycline during sup- portive periodontal therapy a 3 year study. J Periodontol. 2008 Meinberg TA, Barnes CM, Dunning DG, Reinhardt RA. Comparison of conventional periodontal maintenance versus scaling and root planing with subgingival minocycline. J Periodontol. 2002 McColl E, Patel K, Dahlen G, Tonetti M, Graziani F, Suvan J, Laurell L. Supportive periodontal therapy using mechani- cal instrumentation or 2 a 12 month randomized, controlled, single masked pilot study. J Clin Periodontol. 2006 Hancock EB, Newell DH. Preventive strategies and supportive treatment. Periodontol 2000. 2001 Bonito AJ, Lux L, Lohr KN. Impact of local adjuncts to scaling and root planing in periodontal disease therapy tematic review. J Periodontol. 2005 bleeding on probing terms and strategy chronic periodont or adult periodont or periodont irrigation or subgingival or pulsated jet or syringe or antiseptics or antiseptic or chlorhexidine or hibitane or hydrogen peroxide or H2O2 or saline or anti plaque or essential oil or povidone or iodine or PVP debride or scaling or root planing probing or probing depth or attachment or bleeding clinical trial and human #1 and #2 and #3 and #4 and #5 and #6 Addy M & Moran J. Chemical Supragingival Plaque Control. In Lang NP, Lindhe J, eds. Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, 5th ed. Blackwell Munksgaard, Oxford, 2008, 734 65.
Wennström JL. Rinsing, irrigation and sustained delivery. In Lang NP, Karring T & Kindehe J, eds. Proceedings of the 2nd European Workshop on Periodontology, Chemicals in Periodontics. Quintessence, Berlin, 1997, 131 51.
Soh LL, Newman HN & Strahan JD. Effects of subgingival chlorhexidine irrigation on periodontal inflammation. J Clin Periodontol. 1982 Wennström JL & Lindhe J. The effect of mouthrinses on parameters characterizing human periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1986 Krust KS, Drisko CL, Gross K, Overman P, Tira DE. The effects of subgingival irrigation with chlorhexidine and stan- nous fluoride. A preliminary investigation. J Dent Hyg. 1991 Tseng PWP & Newcomb GM. The effect of a single episode or chlorhexidine irrigation on the gingival response to scal- ing and root planning. J Clin Dent. 1991 Wennström JL, Heijl L, Dahlén G, Gröndahl K. Periodic subgingival antimicrobial irrigation of periodontal pockets Clinical observations. J Clin Periodontol. 1987 Wennström JL, Heijl L, Dahlén G, Gröndahl K. Periodic subgingival antimicrobial irrigation of periodontal pockets Microbiological and radiographical observations. J Clin Periodontol. 1987 Lander PE, Newcomb GM, Seymour, FJ & Powell RN. The antimicrobial and clinical effects of single subgingival irriga- tion of chlorhexidine in advanced periodontal lesions. J Clin Periodontol. 1986 terms and strategy gingivitis or periodont inunction or rub or ointment antibiotic or antimicrobial or antiinflammat Tetracycline presteron or hinokitiol terms and strategy terms and strategy National Library of Medicine terms and strategy chronic periodont OR adult periodont OR periodont debride OR scaling OR root planing anti infective OR antimicrobial OR antibiotic Mouthrinse OR mouthwash OR antiseptics probing OR probing depth OR attachment OR bleeding clinical trial AND review AND human AND English OR Japanese #1 AND #2 AND #3 AND #4 AND #5 AND #6 Walker CB. Microbiological effects of mouthrinses containing antimicrobials. J Clin Periodontol. 1988 Mombelli A, Lehmann B, Tonetti M, Lang NP. Clinical response to local delivery of tetracycline in relation to overall and local periodontal conditions. J Clin Periodontol. 1997 Gomi K, Yashima A, Nagano T, Kanazashi M, Maeda N, Arai T. Effects of full mouth scaling and root planing in conjunc- tion with systemically administered azithromycin. J Periodontol. 2007 Quirynen M, Mongardini C, de Soete M, Pauwels M, Coucke W, van Eldere J, van Steenberghe D. The role of chlor- hexidine in the one stage full mouth disinfection treatment of patients with advanced adult periodontitis. Long term clinical and microbiological observations. J Clin Periodontol. 2000 Lang NP, Tan WC, Krähenmann MA, Zwahlen M. A systematic review of the effects of full mouth debridement with and without antiseptics in patients with chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2008 periodontitis OR periodontal disease periodontal abscess antibiotics OR antimicrobial OR local drug delivery system OR systemic administration Carranza FJ. Glickman's clinical periodontology. 7th ed. WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1990.
Ammons WJ. Lesions in the oral mucous membranes. Acute lesions of the periodontium. In Fundamentals of perio- dontics, eds. Wilson T & Korman K, Quintessence. Singapore, 1996, 435 40.
Lewis MAO & MacFarlane TW. Short course high dosage amoxycillin in the treatment of acute dento alveolar abscess. Brit Dent J. 1986 Ahl DR, Hilgeman JL & Snyder JD. Periodontal emergencies. Dent Clin North Am. 1986 DahleÅLn G. Microbiology and treatment of dental abscesses and periodontal endodontic lesions. Periodontology Slots J. Position paper. Systemic antibiotics in periodontics. J Peridontol. 2004 Galego Feal P, Rivas Lombardero P, Castro Dıaz P, Paz Pumpido F, Linares Sixto J, Varela Patino M, Garcıa Garcıa A, Garcıa Bahillo J & Garcıa Quintans A. Urgencias en estomatologıa. Medicina Integral. 1995 Genco RJ. Using antimicrobials agents to manage periodontal diseases. J Am Dent Assoc. 1991 Heimdahl A, Nord CE. Treatment of orofacial infections of odontogenic origin. Scand J Infect Dis. 1985 A. actinomycetemcomitans periodontitis OR periodontal disease periodontopathic bacteria AND antibiotic OR antimicrobial OR systemic administration Winkel EG, van Winkelhoff AJ, van der Velden U. Additional clinical and microbiological effects of amoxicillin and met- ronidazole after initiall periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 1998 Sigusch B, Beier M, Klinger G, Pfister W, Glockmann E. A 2 step non surgical procedure and systemic anti biotics in the treatment of rapidly progressive periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2001 Smith SR Foyle DM, Daniels J, Joyston Bechal S, Smales FC, Sefton A, Williams J. A double blind placebo controlled trial of azithromycine as an adjunct to non surgical treatment of periodontitis in adults clinical results. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Loesche WJ, Giordano JR, Soehren S, Kaciroti N. The nonsurgical treatment of patients with periodontal disease. Results after five years. JADA. 2002 Mombelli A, Brochut P, Plagnat D, Casagni F, Giannopoulou C. Enamel matrix protains and systemic antibiotics as adjuncts to non surgical periodontal treatment clinical effects. J Clin Periodontol. 2005 Buchmann R Nunn ME, Van Dyke TE, Lange DE. Aggressive periondontitis 5 year follow up of treatment. J Periodontol. 2002 Serino G. Rosling B, Ramberg P, Hellström MK, Socransky SS, Lindhe J. The effect of systemic antibiotics in the treat- ment of patients with recurrent periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Grossi SG. Grossi SG. Skrepcinski FB, DeCaro T, Robertson DC, Ho AW, Dunford RG, Genco RJ. Treatment of perio- dontal disease in diabetics reduces glycosylated hemoglobin. J Periodontol. 1997 Winkel EG, Van Winkelhoff AJ, Timmerman MF, Van der Velden U, Van der Weijden GA. Amoxicillin plus metronidazole in the treatment of adult periodontitis patients. A double blind placebo controlled study. J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Haffajee D, Socransky SS, Gunsolley JC. A systematic anti infective periodontal therapy. A systematic review. Ann Periodontol. 2003 periodontitis OR periodontal disease antibiotic OR antimicrobial OR systemic administration OR metronidazole OR amoxyllin OR tetracycline OR debridement OR scaling and root planning AND randomized clinical trial Haffajee AD, Socransky SS, Gunsolley JC. Systemic anti infective periodontal therapy. A systematic review. Ann Periodontol. 2003 115 81. Review.
Herrera D, Sanz M, Jepsen S, Needleman I, Roldán S. A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 cussion 160 2. Review.
Soder B, Nedlich U, Jin LJ. Longitudinal effect of non surgical treatment and systemic metronidazole for 1 week in smokers and non smokers with refactory periodontitis 5 year study. J periodontal. 1983 Sigusch B, Beier M, Klinger G, Pfister W, Glockmann E. A 2 step non surgical procedure and systemic antibiotics in the treatment of rapidly progressive periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2001 Ng VW, Bissada NF. Clinical evaluation of systemic doxycycline and ibuprofen administration as an adjunctive treatment for adult periodontitis. J Periodontol. 1998 Feres M, Haffajee AD, Goncalves C, Allard KA, Som S, Smith C, Goodson JM, Socransky SS. Systemic doxycycline administration in the treatment of periodontal infections I . Effect on the subgingival microbiota. J Clin Periodontol. Helldén LB, Listgarten MA, Lindhe J. The effect of tetracycline and or scaling on human periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1979 Lindhe J, Liljenberg B, Adielsson B. Effect of long term tetracycline therapy on human periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1983 Ramberg P, Rosling B, Serino G, Hellström MK, Socransky SS, Lindhe J. The long term effect of systemic tetracycline used as an adjunct to non surgical treatment of advanced periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Al Joburi W, Quee TC, Lautar C, Iugovaz I, Bourgouin J, Delorme F, Chan EC. Effects of adjunctive treatment of perio- dontitis with tetracycline and spiramycin. J Periodontol. 1989 Palmer RM, Watts TL, Wilson RF. A double blind trial of tetracycline in the management of early onset periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 1996 Winkel EG, van Winkelhoff AJ, Timmerman MF, van der Velden, van der Weijden GA. Amoxicillin plus metromidazole in the treatment of adult periodontitis patients. A double blind placebo controlled study. J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Rooney J, Wade WG, Sprangue SV, Newcombe RG, Addy M. Adjunctive effects to non surgical periodontal therapy of systemic metronidazole and amoxycillin alone and combined. A placebo controleed study. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Berglundh T, Krok L, Liljenberg B, Westfelt E, Serino G, Lindhe J. The use of metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of advanced periodontal disease a prospective, controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 1998 periodontitis OR periodontal disease antibiotics OR antimicrobial OR systemic administration AND debridement OR scaling and root planning AND clinical trial Herrera D, Alonso B, Leon R, Roldan S and Sanz M. Antimicrobial therapy in periodontitis the use of systemic antimi- crobials against the subgingival biofilm. J Clin Periodontol. 2008 Berglundh T, Krok L, Liljenberg B, Westfelt E, Serino G & Lindhe J. The use of metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of advanced periodontal disease a prospective, controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 1998 Guerrero A, Griffiths GS, Nibali L, Suvan J, Moles DR, Laurell L & Tonetti MS. Adjunctive benefits of systemic amox- icillin and metronidazole in nonsurgical treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis a randomized placebocon- trolled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2005 Xajigeorgiou C, Sakellari D, Slini T, Baka A & Konstantinidis A. Clinical and microbiological effects of different antimi- crobials on generalized aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2006 Ehmke B, Moter A, Beikler T, Milian E & Flemmig TF. Adjunctive antimicrobial therapy of periodontitis effects on disease progression and oral colonization. J Periodontol. 2005 Rooney J, Wade WG, Sprague SV, Newcombe RG. & Addy M. Adjunctive effects to non surgical periodontal therapy of systemic metronidazole and amoxycillin alone and combined a placebo controlled study. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Mascarenhas P, Gapski R, Al Shammari K, Hill R, Soehren S, Fenno JC, Giannobile WV & Wang HL. Clinical response of azithromycin as an adjunct to non surgical periodontal therapy in smokers. J Periodontol. 2005 Winkel EG, van Winkelhoff AJ, Barendregt DS, van der Weijden GA, Timmerman MF & van der Velden U. Clinical and microbiological effects of initial periodontal therapy in conjunction with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid in patients with adult periodontitis a randomised double blind, placebo controlled study. J Clin Periodontol. 1999 Gomi K, Yashima A, Nagano T, Kanazashi M, Maeda N & Arai T. Effects of full mouth scaling and root planing in con- junction with systemically administered azithromycin. J Periodontol. 2007 Position Paper Systemic Antibiotics in Periodontics 1 periodontitis OR periodontal disease antibiotics OR antimicrobial OR systemic administration AND period AND clinical trial Position Paper. Systemic Antibiotics in Periodontics. J Periodontol. 2004 Rooney J, Wade WG, Sprague SV, Newcombe RG, Addy M. Adjunctive effects to non surgical periodontal therapy of systemic metronidazole and amoxycillin alone and combined a placebo controlled study. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Berglundh T, Krok L, Liljenberg B, Westfelt E, Serino G, Lindhe J. The use of metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of advanced periodontal disease. A prospective, controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 1998 Guerrero A, Griffiths GS, Nibali L, Suvan J, Moles DR, Laurell L, Tonetti MS. Adjunctive benefits of systemic amoxicil- lin and metronidazole in non surgical treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis a randomized placebo con- trolled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2005 Flemmig TF, Milián E, Karch H, Klaiber B. Differential clinical treatment outcome after systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in patients harboring Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and or Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Clin Periodontol. 1998 Palmer RM, Matthews JP, Wilson RF. Non surgical periodontal treatment with and without adjunctive metronidazole in smokers and non smokers. J Clin Periodontol. 1999 Kulkarni GV, Lee WK, Aitken S, Birek P, McCulloch CA. A randomized, placebo controlled trial of doxycycline on the microflora of recurrent periodontitis lesions in high risk patients. J Periodontol. 1991 Helldén LB, Listgarten MA, Lindhe J. The effect of tetracycline and or scaling on human periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol. 1979 Haffajee AD, Torresyap G, Socransky SS. Clinical changes following four different periodontal therapies for the treat- ment of chronic periodontitis 1 year results. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 bleeding on probing BOP periodontitis OR perio- antibiotic OR antimicrobial OR systemic administration OR local administration OR antibacterial agents Purucker P, Mertes H, Goodson JM, Bernimoulin JP. Local versus systemic adjunctive antibiotic therapy in 28 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2001 Palmer RM, Matthews JP, Wilson RF. Adjunctive systemic and locally delivered metronidazole in the treatment of perio- a controlled clinical study. Br Dent J. 1998 Kaner D, Bernimoulin JP, Hopfenmuller W, Kleber BM, Friedmann A. Controlled delivery chlorhexidine chip versus amoxicillin metronidazole as adjunctive antimicrobial therapy for generalized aggressive periodontitis control clinical trials. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 periodontitis OR periodontal disease antibiotic OR antimicrobial OR systemic administration OR metronidazole OR amoxycillin OR azithromycine debridement OR scaling and root planning AND clinical trial Herrera D, Sanz M, Jepsen S, Needleman I, Roldan S. A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Winkel EG, van Winkelhoff AJ, Timmerman MF, van der Velden, van der Weijden GA. Amoxicillin plus metromidazole in the treatment of adult periodontitis patients a double blind placebo controlled study. J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Sigusch B, Beier M, Klinger G, Pfister W, Glockmann E. A 2 step non surgical procedure and systemic antibiotics in the treatment of rapidly progressive periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2001 Smith SR, Foyle DM, Daniels J, Joyston Bechal S, Smales FC, Sefton A, Williams J. A double blind placebo controlled trial of azithromycine as an adjunct to non surgical treatment of periodontitis in adults clinical results. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Guerrero A, Griffiths GS, Nibali L, Survan J, Moles DR, Laurell L, Tonetti MS. Adjunctive benefits of systemic amoxicil- lin and metronidazole in non surgical treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis a randomized placebo con- trolled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2005 Rooney J, Wade WG, Sprangue SV, Newcombe RG, Addy M. Adjunctive effects to non surgical periodontal therapy of systemic metronidazole and amoxycillin alone and combined. A placebo controleed study. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 Xajigeorgiou C, Sakellari D, Slini T, Baka A, Konstantinidis A. Clinical and microbiological effects of different antimicro- bials on generalized aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2006 Herrera D, Alonso B, Leon R, Roldan S, Sanz M. Antimicrobial therapy in periodontitis the use of systemic antimicro- bials against the subgingival biofilm. J Clin Periodontol. 2008 Yashima A, Gomi K, Maeda N, Arai T. One stage full mouth versus partial mouth scaling and root planning during the effective half life of systemically administered azitheromycine. J Periodontol. 2009 Moreira RM, Feres Filho EJ. Comparison between full mouth scaling and root planing and quadrant wise bacic ther- apy of aggressive periodontitis 6 month clinical results. J Periodontol. 2007 periodontitis OR periodontal disease antibiotic OR antimicrobial OR systemic administration OR metronidazole OR amoxyllin OR azithromycine OR Herrera D, Sanz M, Jepsen S, Needleman I, Roldán S. A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients. J Clin Periodontol. 2002 cussion 160 2. Review.
Haffajee AD, Socransky SS, Gunsolley JC. Systemic anti infective periodontal therapy. A systematic review. Ann Periodontol. 2003 115 81. Review.
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necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis periodontitis evidence based medicine evidence based dentistry for Health Care Policy and Research chemical plaque control chemotherapeutic agent mouth rinse solution, mouth wash solution mechanical plaque control smoking related periodontitis local administration local drug delivery system microbial substitution empiric medication, empiric administration oral administration antibacterial agent, antimicrobial drug antimicrobial sensitivity test minimal inhibitory con- prophylactic antibiotics administration, antibiotic prophylaxis systemic anti infective periodontal therapy, periodontal antimicrobial therapy antimicrobial activity antifungal, antimycotic minimum inhibitory concentration minimum bactericidal concentration bacteriocidal drug supportive periodontal therapy periodontal abscess Porphyromonas gingivalis Tannerella Treponema denticola progression and recurrence of periodontal disease prognosis of periodontal disease administration to periodontal pocket subgingival plaque gingival crevicular fluid topical application on gingiva sustained release preparation, protracted release preparation local drug delivery system aggressive periodontitis mouth rinse solution, mouth wash solution systematic disease related periodontitis multidrug resistant bacteria, multiple drug resistant bacteria treatment resistant periodontitis drug delivery system incurable periodontitis extreme downhill half life, half life period opotunistic infection full mouth disinfection drug sensitivity test drug induced periodontal overgrowth

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