Cocv265




Canadian Orchid Congress Fédération Canadienne des Sociétés Orchidophiles Volume 26.5– November 2014 Cycnodes Golden Showers, best plant inWindsor OS show and COC trophy winner COC Trophy winner at Eastern Canada OS show went COC Certificate Award winners: to Les Orchidophiles de Montreal for the most artisticdisplay.
Dr. Joyce M. Reddoch and Dr. Allan H. Reddoch Ingrid Schmidt-Ostrander Fiftieth Anniversary of the IUCN Red
List of Endangered Species
Thank you to the COC for supporting us with our first An impressive video explaining the importance of The ever Community Outreach Orchid Judging Event in IUCN Red List as a powerful tool that drives action for the Okanagan. It was so successful and we are hopingnature conservation is now released. The video was that we can do it again in the future. We were well produced by the photographer and filmmaker Mattius received by the public and this was our main concern.
Klum, who is also an IUCN Goodwill Ambassador.
We wanted to educate the public and hoped that more You can view the video here people will become interested in growing orchids and joining our club.
We began June 10, 2014 at 4pm with 3 judges and one Please help spread the word about the importance of student judge. Their main objective was education The IUCN Red List by posting the video on your which made it interesting in showing how the judging websites and sharing social media posts at Facebook process evolves. Lots of slides showing us how an awarded plant should look and compare it to the one being judged.
The direct You Tube link for the video is The Kelowna and Vernon Clubs were invited and both had great displays. We set up all displays at 1pm andthe judges arrived by 4. We opened for the public at 6 pm. after a short break for a delicious pot luck The Orchid Society of Nova Scotia would like to prepared by our membership. The judges had very express our sincere appreciation for the $200 Travel basic talks on growing orchids and enjoyed by Grant we received from you earlier this year. We used members as well as public. We could have kept the the money to help pay the airfare for Jean Allen-Ikeson questions going for hours. There were several plantsto come to Nova Scotia. On July 26th, Jean delighted chosen for discussion by the judges but not awarded.
our society with her White Cattleya talk. As an addedbonus, Jean also gave us a summary of her There was a call for Orchid Art and Barb Hoffer from presentation on Sarcochilus, while we waited for a few OK Falls Paph Ensigne was chosen by the judges as members to join us. All present enjoyed both talks the winner. Judith Higham and her husband did a great very much. Thank you for providing the grant.
job at photographing all the entries.
Sincerely, The Orchid Society of Nova Scotia We learned a lot and have sent out newsletters to allinterested to come out to our first meeting in Sept. I Per Anne Brown, Secretary feel that it renews our interest in orchids especiallywith declining membership in all clubs.
COC Membership/Insurance
The insurance is due soon. Please fill out the form and
I thank you once again for your cash infusion, it send the cheque and form to the treasurer and cc to certainly helped.
Jerry Bolce and Dianne Gillis. Any forms received after Dec. 15, 2014 will have a $25.00 penalty fee.
This insurance covers all your members at any OrchidSociety function and all attendees at your annual show.
Let me know what name should be on the policy(usually the landlord) and the dates of your shows. Iwill mail the policies out at the end of Dec. so pleaseinclude the current names and addresses of the COCcontacts. Thank you.
COCNews November 2014 I would also like to take this opportunity to remind allmember societies to keep us informed of any changes As the rain slowly but surely settling in the west (wet) to your society executives and their contact coast, the fall orchid show season is about to wrap up information. If you have not done so by responding to across the country. Societies are busy finalizing their our Newsletter Editor/Webmaster's requests in speakers for the remainder of the year; planning for the September, please provide the information to Jerry holiday season social events and some are kicking into Bolce as soon as possible.
the final gears in the planning for the upcoming springshows.
Further, a gentle reminder that the COC membership We have heard some excellent feedback from member and the group insurance are due December 1st, 2014.
societies on the marketing features in our last For further information or clarification on the group newsletter, and I sure hope that was just-in-time insurance program or the COC membership, please information, especially for those who just had their contact Andre Couture, COC Treasurer, or Dianne Gillis, the COC officer who oversees the groupinsurance plan.
Since my message in September, I have had theopportunities to attend various orchid shows and spoke Lastly, I am pleased to announce that our 2015 Annualwith many orchid enthusiasts in person; many of you General Meeting (AGM) will take place along with the also contacted me via email with your thoughts, Saskatchewan Orchid Society annual show at suggestions and ideas on the roles of COC in our Saskatoon, Saskatchewan on March 27-29th, 2015. The current and future context. From all the exchanges, theme for this SOS/COC show is "For the Love of two things stood out for me: 1.) there are tremendous Orchids". In addition to beautiful orchid displays/sales passion, dedications and talent amongst the orchid and the COC official AGM meeting, the SOS/COC community in Canada; 2.) change is in order. Your will be putting together a fantastic seminar series. Stay COC Officers has been busy at work; we continue to tuned as we will be announcing further information in explore a number of high level initiatives aim at our next newsletter. In the meantime, please visit the improving our support to member societies.
SOS website for further information.
For our Web Modernization project, we have a Until next time, happy growing! dedicated team to scope out and review various options in updating and modernizing not only content,but also the infrastructure of the COC website.
The executives are considering a number of keystrategic partnerships, within Canada, as well as inNorth America and in Europe, with the objectives toprovide wider access to relevant, key educational material on Orchidology on behalf of the societies.
Industry Canada has now approved the continuation ofour incorporation on the basis of the documents The members' Needs Assessment survey is also in its approved at the August Annual Meeting. The office final stage.
location of record is now 330 Wagg Road, Box #241, Moving forward, the COC will rely heavily on the Goodwood, Ontario, L0C 1A0. The new bylaws are COC Representatives of each member society, to act now in effect. The new reporting dates to Industry as the conduit between the society members and the Canada are between September 8 and November 7 COC by enhancing two-way communication, and to starting in 2015. The 2014 report was filed earlier.
ensure key COC information are being shared amongst the society members. If you want to know more aboutthe roles and responsibilities of the COC Representative, I encourage you to visit:http://www.canadianorchidcongress.ca/cocrep.html COCNews November 2014


Ingrid Ostrander has been given this award for In 1995 she was accepted by the American Orchid outstanding service to the Canadian community in Society as an accredited judge. Since then she assisted in organization, promotion or leadership. The Certificate establishing the Richmond BC AOS judging center, was presented to her by VicOS President, John Taylor, at served as the Pacific Northwest Center Secretary for nine the September General Meeting.
years and served as an AOS judging chair numeroustimes throughout Canada .
Ingrid has been a dedicated orchidist for at least the past30 years. She was a founding member of the Orchid She was instrumental in setting up the British Columbia Society of Alberta (Edmonton), serving as President for Orchid Congress by organizing the four main societies two years and the sponsor of the Ostrander Service of southwestern BC into a cohesive unit, including working on a comprehensive show flower classschedule.
In the Victoria Orchid Society she was President threetimes for a total of six years. Ingrid was a mentor to As an author she has written or translated over 100 dozens of Society members with her unbridled essays on orchids that have a permanent home on the enthusiasm about orchids and orchid lore. She was COC website and has had several articles published in instrumental in hosting the COC annual meeting during AOS Magazines.
2001 spring show, having served as Show Chair 16 timesin Edmonton and Victoria.
As an orchid hobbyist Ingrid has bred her own hybrids,naming a few, some of which have received AOS awards Ingrid was a founding member of the Canadian Orchid and altogether has accumulated 29 awards for her Congress and while President worked on its incorporation and the group insurance plan. She initiatedthe popular Canadian culture sheets, and together withher late husband, Will, did the artwork.
COCNews November 2014


Over the past 49 years, Joyce and Allan Reddoch, members of the Ottawa Field-Naturalist' Club, haveparticipated in the Native Orchid Location Survey in the Ottawa District where they have, as volunteers,monitored orchid populations in Gatineau Park and elsewhere to obtain data and to document life histories ofsome 20 species. This represents collectively the largest assemblage of long term orchid studies in Canada.
Herbarium specimens have been collected, and data published in scientific papers. Their monograph, Theorchids in the Ottawa District: floristics, phytogeography, population studies and historical review, waspublished in 1997. Detailed studies of Goodyera pubescens, G. tesselata, Platanthera hookeri, and Spiranthescasei as well as documentation of the impact of flooding, herbivory, and drought on selected orchid populationsand habitats have provided a foundation for future conservation initiatives. As Joyce and Allan bring theirorchid longevity studies to a close, we should recognize the rare dedication, conservation and publicationlegacy that their effort represents for Canadian wild orchids.
Reddoch, J.M and A.H. Reddoch, 1997. The orchids in the Ottawa District: floristics, phytogeography,population studies and historical review. Canadian Field-Naturalist 111: 1 – 185.
Reddoch, J.M and A.H. Reddoch, 2007. Population dynamics, and flowering synchrony of Goodyera pubescens(Orchidaceae) in southwestern Québec. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 134: 379 – 388.
Reddoch, J.M and A.H. Reddoch, 2009. Phenology, population dynamics, and flowering dynamics of Case'sLadies'-tresses, Spiranthes casei var. casei, (Orchidaceae) in Ottawa, Ontario. Canadian Field-Naturalist 123:19 – 31.
Reddoch, J.M and A.H. Reddoch, 2014. Orchid longevities in Gatineau Park: Final Summary. Trail andLandscape 48: 62 – 67.
COCNews November 2014



Hybridizing Cattleya Species,
chromosomes in the thwarted cell from 2n to 4n, Creating New Shapes and Colours where n is the characteristic number of chromosomes
for the species we are talking about. Doubling the by Roy Tokunaga (Transcribed by Inge Poot) number of chromosomes has the effect of flatteningthe undulations of the segments, a most desirable This interesting talk was given to SOOS on August 9, result. The 4n flowers also have much heavier 2014 on the occasion of the SOOS Orchid-fest. substance and are larger and fuller (have wider In the wild, orchids have a symbiotic relationship with a specific fungus to help with germination and theymay keep the relationship for life, albeit sometimeswith a different fungus. With such a chancygermination system, it is no wonder that orchids mustproduce about 100,000 seeds per pod so that at leastone or two seeds might land in the right spot andproduce a new plant.
In cultivation 100,000 seedlings of one cross or onespecies are too much for even the largest grower. AtH&R they constantly select only the most vigorousseedlings every time anything is unflasked or repottedand discard the weak plants. This selects only plantsthat will succeed in a greenhouse and similar shelteredenvironment.
Since growing plants from seed is cheaper thancloning plants H&R had Dr. Haruyuki Kamemotodevelop hybrids that are so similar to each other thatthey could be clones.
Cattleya intermedia is an example of one of the newparents developed to produce these uniform hybrids.
This species is quite variable and has about 400different identifiable varieties. Using colchicine in theflask when the seedlings are very small prevents thecells from splitting into two daughter cells when the This species is found in Brazil, north of Belo cell is trying to divide. This changes the number of Horizontle, 600 miles inland at 2000 feet elevationwhere for 3-4 months there is no rain, only morning-dew. There is a monastery in the Serro de Caracoarea. Mr Tokunaga saw hardly any orchids only anencyclia. But one of his companions, the eagle-eyedFrancesco Miranda found an impressive list, includinglaelias, cattleyas, rupicolous laelias such as theorange-red Laelia kettieana and the yellow floweredLaelia briegeri, as well as Cyrtopodiumandersonianum, the orange flowered Spiranthesspeciosum, a white flowered Epidendrum species, thesoft orange Encyclia vespa - perching on a rock in thishot tough environment. A bright pink Laelia rupestrisperching on a rock was the lone survivor of a fire thathad gone through a part of the area and it will be thewinner that repopulates the entire area. Laeliajongheana covered with flat pink flowers sporting a COCNews November 2014 yellow tubular lip, was perched on a log growing in test strip should read between 4 and 7. If the pot was Vanda -like conditions. To grow it therefore try 5000 buffered with dolomite it will most likely read about foot-candles (fc) and only if it yellows do you reduce 5.6, if it was not the pH will probably be 4. If the water the light intensity to 2000fc. It seems that in summer coming out of the bag after a 30-60 minute soak is the temperature is the critical factor, not the light yellow it means the roots will crash soon! intensity. In our climate we must give these plants as A pH of less than 4.4 is bad since your plants are much light as possible in the fall to early spring. In starving for nutrients. A pH of 5-6 is ideal.
Japan growers take their shading off in the fall anddon't reapply it till early spring. However if the Another problem is high alkalinity in the water plus temperature is 90F in the greenhouse, the leaf too much dissolved material in the water. Alan Koch temperature will be 10F degrees warmer. Leaf of Gold Country Orchids had to deal with highly temperatures up to 95F can be tolerated, but 100F kills alkaline water and 400 ppm dissolved calcium the affected leaf or leaf parts.
carbonates in his water. 100 to 200 ppm is consideredgood water (Toronto water is about 125 ppm i.e.
Culture tip about light
ideal!) If Alan watered with his available water, the pH -The best growers match the light intensity with the of his orchid medium would go up continuously. So he genera they grow.
found a company that formulated a fertilizer just forhim to keep down the pH and only adds the nutrients -At H&R they like to give the maximum light the that were missing in his water. His plants love it! plants can tolerate and continue to look pleasing.
Matsui Orchids had another problem. They used -Read: The Principles of Light by Eric Runkle, PhD, Reverse Osmosis water which does not contain anything, and had no alkalinity. So they blended it 50-50 with their tap water and now everything is growing Some words about pH
beautifully. The pictures showing their greenhouseswere breathtaking with all the blooms.
How about if you have alkaline, hard water with soluteconcentration such as 300 to 500ppm? Then you need The Michigan State University (MSU) fertilizer that to irrigate for two minutes and only then can you everyone is swearing by contains 8% calcium and 3% magnesium and only 3% phosphate. With a calcium-based fertilizer and rain water you get better roots and To be a good grower you need to keep the pH of your larger flowers. Calcium can so easily become the water between 5 and 7, control pests adequately.
limiting factor, because it only moves in roots, up the About pH: If the pH of your medium or water is below xylem (center of the stem) to the growing parts. A4.5, the fertilizer will not be available. So try your best plant cannot take it from old leaves and move it to the to keep the pH between 4.5 and 7. Nutrients in new leaves or flowers (via the phloem, or outer part of fertilizers are unavailable if the pH is below 4.5 or the stem) when it is not able to get any via the roots.
And good roots are a must.
At H&R they grow in a bark, Perlite and peat mix and The Michigan State Fertilizer
buffer it with dolomite. They use ½ teaspoon of fine Best article in Orchids Magazine: Without High dolomite per 4 inch pot. The dolomite is passed Phosphorus by Jan Szyren, June 2003 through a 65 mesh/inch screen. Without dolomite theirmix will go down below pH 4 after three months, Summary: Less Nitrogen responsible for flowers.
under their conditions. To test the pH, take the plant High phosphorus above 3% in the NPK not necessary.
out of the pot, put a plastic baggy around the roots and If you use rainwater or RO water, the calcium put the whole thing back into the pot. Fill pot with requirement is 8% and magnesium 2%.
distilled water, let sit one hour, then drain the water
through a coffee filter and insert a pH test strip into the Water Quality
water for a maximum of 60 seconds. He used a EMD
product called " colorpHast". It is sold in packets of
-How is your water? It may be the most important 100 strips that indicate pH between 4.0 and 7.0. The nutrient that we do not monitor for its content.
COCNews November 2014


-Total dissolved minerals, pH, and alkalinity are whites, whites with a purple lip and a charming white factors to consider. They are critical for the end result form sporting a picotee blush around the petal and lip as we try to grow the perfect Orchid.
side-lobe edges. Very desirable find was a semi-albawith a pale blue instead of magenta lip.
-Best article: What's in Your Water? by Jack and CariPeters, Orchids Magazine, May, 2012.
Calcium: Flower and Growth Booster
Calcium is very phloem (just under bark and transportssugars made in leaves to the roots and rest of plant)immobile. It is only transported from the roots to therest of the plant in the xylem (located in the center ofthe plant and transports water and minerals absorbedby the roots up to the rest of the plant) withtranspiration flow.
Lots of calcium is needed at the time of new growth orflowering. All of the calcium must come from theroots.
You will see black rot, poor roots, poor flowers, poor
growth, disease susceptibility caused by calcium
deficiency
if the pH is too low. Add a light application
of dolomite! See article above in Orchids May 2012.)
Best growers have several things in common: -Their media have a pH between 5 and 7.
-Their media are low in salt deposits.
-Pests and diseases are absent.
-They avoid extremes of temperature and moisture.
-Nutrition is in balance with light temperature andplant type.
The Future of Cattleya Hybridizing
Broughtonia sanguinea another building block of One of the building blocks of modern Cattleya hybrids modern hybrids has undergone other transformations is Cattleya walkeriana. This is a miniature species with and breeders were happy to spot plants with new plant round purple flowers. The wild form is neither very colour forms such as pale green leaves with darker full nor very flat and has a curled back lip. Doubling green stripes. The different flower colours found the number of chromosomes (producing a 4n form) included white forms, some with striking red lines in results in a plant whose flower has no twist in the the throat of the lip, repeated less exuberantly on the petals and no curl in the lip. Line breeding will petal mid-veins. One slide showed such a clone that uncover unusual and extreme colour forms and they added light yellow colour to the sepals.
are eagerly collected by hybridizers as breeding stockfor new colour forms in hybrids and by hobbyists for Cattleya aclandiae, a third building block species, with bragging rights.
heavy waxy flowers has been line bred to get almostblack flowers. The normal form has light green to The normal form is light magenta with a darker spade straw-yellow sepals and petals with heavy chocolate lip. Among the forms found in line breeding were barring. This sets off the deep pink column and lipwith white side-lobes beautifully. The other forms COCNews November 2014 Cattleya violacea is the fourth building block speciesand the wild form has rose-purple skinny petals and adarker tubular curled under lip. Colchicine to therescue! The 4n plants had wider petals and a nicestraight lip, but were poky growers. Crossing a 4nplant with a wild, diploid 2n plant gives triploid or 3nseedlings that grow rapidly, are almost as full and flatas the tetraploid or 4n form, but they are poorbreeders. No good for breeders, but just fine for thehobbyist. There are of course all sorts of other colourforms to whet the appetite, such as a form with darkerveining, or one with blue colour instead of pink. Asemi-alba showing some blue streaks was very pretty.
such as forms lacking the barring and/or the pinkcolour would be useful in breeding greens. A formfound with no red but a blush of blue would be usefulin blue breeding.
Cattleya amethystoglossa the fifth building blockspecies, has round heads of pale lilac flowers with lotsof darker purple spots and a dark purple spade-shapedlip. The flowers have good substance, but the plantsare big. Doubling the number of chromosomesresulted in flowers with wider segments. Line COCNews November 2014 breeding resulted in the same type of colour variationbeing found as in the previous species.
Cattleya amethystoglossa variety coerulea was beingpropagated and treated with colchicine. The growersnoticed one clone that had very hard leaves and was a To save time with the slow-growing 4n forms, very slow grower. The leaves as well as the eventually breeders look for new colour forms by producing a lot produced flowers were ragged along the edges.
of fast-growing 2n seedlings and when an unusual Checking its chromosome numbers it was found to be form is spotted amongst them it will be colchicine hexaploid, i.e. it had six copies of each type of treated in a mericlone flask, while the ho-hum rest of chromosome or 6n. It was eventually crossed with a the seedlings can be disposed of. Saves a year or two 4n form and the resulting 5n seedlings grew faster, yet of bench space to reach the same superior result! looked great.
Cattleya dowiana variety aurea,(now considered its Cattleya nobilior the sixth building block species own species: C. aurea) the seventh building block looks similar in shape to C. violacea. It has medium species, in the 2n form has very soft flowers, whose purple flowers with a spade lip whose centre is white dorsal sepal just does not want to stand up straight.
with deep purple veins. The curled lip of the 2n form The 4n form looks so good you might think it is a is straightened in the 4n form, but it takes the latter hybrid! The large flowers are cream to yellow and the 3-4 years to reach flowering size. White and pale blue huge ruffled lip is gold with a purple picotee and forms are now in cultivation.
purple veins streaming out of the throat.
COCNews November 2014 Cattleya gaskelliana the seventh building blockspecies has large floppy pale to medium purpleflowers. The flared lip has two yellow eyes in thethroat and in most forms a dark purple blotch on thedistal half of the mid-lobe. The dorsal curls back, butin the 4n forms this fault is usually fixed. The 2nforms of the variety coerulea are only faintly blue, butthe 4n form is much darker. Alba forms are veryhandsome when 4n.
Cattleya jenmanii variety coerulea is the last speciesdiscussed in this talk. This variety has pairs of fairlylarge flowers in pale blue instead of the light purple ofthe normal form. There again line-breeding was doneby first selfing a rare coerulea form, then sibbing thedarkest and most vigorous progeny and growing thoseseedlings with colchicine in the flask. A variety semi-alba that turned up in such line-breeding was alsoselected, selfed and sibbed with colchicine as well.
COCNews November 2014 The clone 'Summer Moon' has large somewhat openoff-white flowers with a wide purple lip that isoverlaid with yellow in the throat resulting in a redblotch with some yellow edges. Cattleya dowiana isvery recessive for yellow colour and only when it wascrossed with the elusive yellow Cattleya rex was theyellow colour retained. In the clone 'Summer Moon'the C. dowiana lip seems to be very dominant forcolour, perhaps not surprising since a big yellow andgold (4n) C. dowiana aurea was used. You get morevigorous offspring (3n) that grow much better anddon't suffer from rot problems like the old hybrids thatcame straight from jungle collected (2n) parents.
A newer famous cross is Sophrocattleya (now Many old hybrids are being re-done by using these Cattleya) Beaufort. It is a cross of Sophronites (now new selected 4n clones, with nice results. An example Cattleya) coccinea and Cattleya luteola. Converting is the first yellow hybrid, Cattleya Triumphans (C.
the 2n hybrid to 4n gave some gorgeous clones! dowiana X C. rex). Read about the history of thiscross at Brassolaeliocattleya (now Rhyncholaeliocattleya) This cross was redone with a (2n) C. rex .
Toshie Aoki, a cross of Rlc. Faye Miyamoto x Rlc.
COCNews November 2014 An interesting hybrid is the cross of the huge, full,purple Laeliocattleya (Cattleya now) Irene Finney(4n) with the little bright yellow flowered Cattleyabriegeri 4n. The former flower is dominant forlavender in crosses, while the latter is dominant foryellow over lavender. So what colour was the hybridLc(C) Tokyo Magic? One that was awarded waswhite with a purple and yellow lip and the other hadyellow sepals as well! Waianae Flare, produced colour and nice shape withthis type of breeding.
Our speaker finished off with the question: BestHybrid? And showed as an answer, pictures of twoadorable children, Lori and Kevin, flanked by hugehybrid Cattleyas and tall dendrobiums respectively! COCNews November 2014 A Special Invitation to Attend the 28 Annual COC Hosted by the Saskatchewan Orchid Society in Saskatoon in 2015 The Saskatchewan Orchid Society is proud to host The
Canadian Orchid Congress Show March 27 - 29,
2015 in Saskatoon, SK.
The theme of the Show is "For
the Love of Orchids
." This AOS judged show will be
held in conjunction with Gardenscape.
Gardenscape is attended by approximately 26,000 peopleand it is rated the number one show in Western Canada.
The Saskatchewan Orchid Society has been an exhibitorat Gardenscape for many years and our displays havebeen met with great enthusiasm. We are expecting tohave a terrific show attended by both orchid experts andnew enthusiasts alike.
Societies or individuals bringing a display can set up forthe show Thursday, March 26 until 7 PM. Onlydelegates will be eligible to attend the Wine and Cheesepre-sale on Thursday from 7:30 to 9:00PM. The show isopen to the public Friday, March 27 from 11AM to9PM; Saturday, March 28 from 9AM to 8PM andSunday, March 29 from 10AM to 5PM. Take down willbe Sunday, March 29 from 5 to 7PM.
A delegate registration form is posted on the Society'swebsite (www.saskorchids.com). The website will also beupdated regularly with information concerning vendorsattending the show, educational presentations andgeneral information about the show. In the meantime if New Speaker Available
you have any questions please contact one of the Speaker Name: Thomas (Tom) Sampliner Contact Information: cell phone is 216-312-8558 Cheryl Adamson: [email protected] home address is: 2651 Kerwick Road, University Telephone (306)477-0807 (evenings and weekends).
heights, Ohio 44118 US Heather Anderson: [email protected] ,Telephone (306) 343 -1310, Fax. (306) 244-0275.
Website: I have Facebook pages: one under my name,two is "The Bee Orchids, the genus Ophrys" Presentation Topics: 1. Native orchids of the GreatLakes Region; 2. Orchids of Crete; 3. The BeeOrchids; 4. Orchids of Sicily; 5. Orchids of the Brucepeninsula; 6. Orchids of Manitoba; 7. Orchids of theLake Itasca area 8. Orchids of the MediterraneanRegion; 9. Orchids of Ohio, 10. Orchids of Michigan COCNews November 2014 Fraser Valley OS display at their show in Langley. Where to Orchid Shows
For most orchid clubs the annual orchid show has been our window on the world where we show the general
public the beauty and our pleasure in cultivating Orchids. Many shows have been diminishing in size and
participation as orchid club membership has declined. To maintain and increase interest in orchids we must
renew and reinvigorate our shows. Better publicity as described by vice president Marlene Young in the
September newsletter is an important strategy. Closer cooperation of orchid societies with one another is
another way of doing more with joint resources. Next time you receive an invitation to exhibit at another
society show go all out and send the best you can find. You might also ask if any volunteer help is needed.
Many societies are running out of volunteers. I was more than pleased to observe my local president
volunteering at the gate of another smaller orchid society show recently. Those of you who are vendors please
remember you too are a part of this picture, your quality display is important to the show. Don't fob it off with a
token bunch of leftover plants thrown together as an after-thought.
COCNews November 2014 Officers of the Canadian
Nov 1-2: will be holding their
5th Orchid Show and Sale at Colasanti's Tropical Gardens, 1550Road 3 E. Ruthven, ON. The Show will feature Artistic Designs Past President Peter Poot Displays, Art component and vendors. Free talks and demonstrations on orchid related topics. For more information seethe website or email Juliette St. Pierre at [email protected] VicePresident Marlene Young Nov 8-9: Orchids Under Glass, Fall Mid-American Orchid
Congress will be hosted in the Grand Atrium of the lovely Franklin
VicePresident Nathan Cable Park Conservatory and Botanical Gardens in the heart of Columbus, Ohio. Contact Justin Pepperney at 1-614-804-1167 oremail: Feb 14-15: The Southern Ontario Orchid Society at the Toronto
Botanical Garden, Edwards Gardens. "http://www.soos.ca/" Feb 28 - Mar 1: Orchid Society of the Royal Botanical Gardens,
680 Plains Rd., Burlington "http://www.osrbg.ca/" April 11-12: The Toronto Artistic Orchid Association Show, CICS
(Centre for Information and Community Service), 2330 MidlandAvenue, Scarborough, Ontario, MIS 5G5, (N.W. Off HWY Conservation Marilyn Light 401/Midland) For show information: "http://www.taoa.info/" Hours: Sat - 11:00-6:00; Sun -Photographers 8:00-10:00, general 10:00-5:00 Get your show dates, with details, to the COC editor.
The purpose of COCnews is to inform membersof the meetings, policies of the COC, to profilemembers, and to provide technical informationregarding happenings, trends and techniques inorchid cultivation across the country and aroundthe world.
We welcome your suggestions and contributions.
Deadline for each issue is one month before theissue dates previously announced.
Recipients of this newsletter are urged to pass acopy on to other members of their society.
Copyright Canadian Orchid Congress 2014.
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Article by m.l. chapagain and v.r. nerurkar - j. infect. dis. 2010

Human Polyomavirus JC (JCV) Infection of HumanB Lymphocytes: A Possible Mechanism for JCVTransmigration across the Blood-Brain Barrier Moti L. Chapagain and Vivek R. Nerurkar Retrovirology Research Laboratory, Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine,University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii

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